Can nasal septum deviation affect thoracoabdominal diaphragm? An ultrasonographic study
Hilal Irmak Sapmaz1, Elif Kaya Çelik2, Sakine Sarman3, Gülçin Uysal2, Zafer Özmen4, Ceyhun Aksakal5, Fatma Kökcü4
1Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Anatomi Anabilim Dalı, Tokat, Türkiye
2Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Anabilim Dalı, Tokat, Türkiye
3İskilip Atıf Hoca Devlet Hastanesi, Radyoloji Kliniği, Çorum, Türkiye
4Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Radyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Tokat, Türkiye
5Tokat Özel Medical Park Hastanesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Kliniği, Tokat, Türkiye
Keywords: Deviated septum, thoracoabdominal diaphragm, ultrasonography.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nasal septum deviation (NSD) on the thoracoabdominal diaphragm (TAD).
METHODS: This prospective study was conducted between December 2022 and January 2024. The TAD thickness of 51 patients with NSD (45 males, 6 females; mean age 25.7±9.5 years; range, 19 to 51 years) and 51 healthy controls (44 males, 7 females; mean age: 28.5±5.2 years; range, 19 to 47 years) were evaluated ultrasonographically. Thoracoabdominal diaphragm thickness was measured from the anterior axillary line on the right and left sides of the chest wall.
RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the mean height was higher and the mean weight and body mass index were lower in the NSD group (p<0.05). Eighty-eight percent of deviated individuals were male. Thoracoabdominal diaphragm thickness measured at the end of both inspiration and expiration was higher in the NSD group (p<0.001). However, the amount and percentage of interphase change of the TAD was lower in the NSD group than in the control group (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: The incidence of NSD is high in tall, thin, young men. We believe that the TAD was thicker in the NSD group compared to the control group due to hypertrophy of the diaphragm muscles, which contract more strongly to overcome respiratory distress.